This report summarizes the discussions of a 1998 workshop held by the Board on Children, Youth, and Families. It provides a brief overview of decision theory and how decision theory might be applied to adolescent behavior. The report next considers cognitive, social, affective, and institutional factors that may influence effective decision making. The role of the media is briefly explored, followed by information on several youth development and prevention programs. Finally, the report summarizes issues that were raised throughout the workshop that might be important to the design and implementation of programs for youth.